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            <title>Thomas Gray to Richard West (May 1740)</title>
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               <name ref="#AH">Alexander Huber</name>
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                        <title>Correspondence of Thomas Gray</title>, 3 vols. Ed. by the late Paget Toynbee and Leonard Whibley, with corrections and additions by H. W. Starr. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971 [1st ed. 1935], letter no. 87, vol. i, 158-162
				<ref type="url">http://www.e-enlightenment.com/search/letters/print/?printref_sourceedition=graythOU0084&amp;printref_docnumber=87</ref>
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                        <title>The Poems of Mr. Gray. To which are prefixed Memoirs of his Life and Writings by W[illiam]. Mason.</title> York: printed by A. Ward; and sold by J. Dodsley, London; and J. Todd, York, 1775, letter xxi, section ii, 87-92
				<ref type="url">https://www.thomasgray.org/texts/diglib/primary/1775/1/87</ref>
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                        <title>The Correspondence of Gray, Walpole, West and Ashton (1734-1771)</title>, 2 vols. Chronologically arranged and edited with introduction, notes, and index by Paget Toynbee. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1915, letter no. 119, vol. i, 302-307
				<ref type="url">https://www.thomasgray.org/texts/diglib/primary/TyP_1915i/1/302</ref>
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                     <bibl>
                        <title>The Letters of Thomas Gray, including the correspondence of Gray and Mason</title>, 3 vols. Ed. by Duncan C. Tovey. London: George Bell and Sons, 1900-12, letter no. XXXIX, vol. i, 68-70
				<ref type="url">https://www.thomasgray.org/texts/diglib/primary/ToD_1900i/1/68</ref>
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                        <title>The Works of Thomas Gray</title>, 2 vols. Ed. by John Mitford. London: J. Mawman, 1816, section II, letter XXIII, vol. ii, 92-95
				<ref type="url">https://www.thomasgray.org/texts/diglib/primary/MiJ_1816ii/1/92</ref>
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                        <title>The Works of Thomas Gray</title>, 5 vols. Ed. by John Mitford. London: W. Pickering, 1835-1843, section II, letter XXIII, vol. ii, 109-112
				<ref type="url">https://www.thomasgray.org/texts/diglib/primary/MiJ_1843ii/2/109</ref>
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                     <bibl>
                        <title>The Letters of Thomas Gray</title>, 2 vols. in one. London: J. Sharpe, 1819, letter XXXIX, vol. i, 82-86
				<ref type="url">https://www.thomasgray.org/texts/diglib/primary/1819/1/82</ref>
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                        <title>The Works of Thomas Gray</title>, 2 vols. Ed. by Thomas James Mathias. London: William Bulmer, 1814, section II, letter XXI, vol. i, 211-215
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               <placeName cert="unknown" ref="http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7000874">Rome, Italy</placeName>
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               <mentioned n="person">Walpole, Horace, 1717-1797</mentioned>
               <mentioned n="poem">Ad C: Favonium Zephyrinum</mentioned>
               <mentioned n="place">Windsor</mentioned>
               <mentioned n="place">Richmond (Surrey)</mentioned>
               <mentioned n="place">Appian Way</mentioned>
               <mentioned n="place">Albano</mentioned>
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            <p>This letter is part of the correspondence calendar of the complete correspondence of Thomas Gray. The calendar contains detailed bibliographic records for all known original, copied, or published letters written by or to the poet as well as the full-text, where available.  Each record is accompanied by digitised images of the manuscript, where available, or digitised images of the first printed edition.</p>
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            <dateline>Rome, May 1740. </dateline>
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            <p>Mater rosarum, cui teneræ vigent <lb/> Auræ Favonî, cui Venus it comes <lb/> Lasciva, Nympharum choreis <lb/> Et volucrum
						celebrata cantu! <lb/> Dic, non inertem fallere quâ diem <lb/> Amat sub umbrâ, seu sinit aureum <lb/> Dormire plectrum, seu
						retentat <lb/> Pierio Zephyrinus antro<lb/> Furore dulci plenus, &amp; immemor <lb/> Reptantis
						inter frigora Tusculi <lb/> Umbrosa, vel colles amici <lb/> Palladiæ superantis Albæ. <lb/> Dilecta Fauno, &amp; capripedum choris
						<lb/> Pineta, testor vos, Anio minax <lb/> Quæcunque per clivos volutus <lb/> Præcipiti tremefecit amne, <lb/> Illius altum Tibur,
						&amp; Æsulæ <lb/> Audîsse sylvas nomen amabiles, <lb/> Illius &amp; gratas Latinis <lb/> Naiasin ingeminâsse rupes: <lb/> Nam me
						Latinæ Naiades uvidâ <lb/> Vidêre ripâ, quà niveas levi <lb/> Tam sæpe lavit rore plumas <lb/> Dulcè canens Venusinus ales;<lb/> Mirum! canenti conticuit nemus, <lb/> Sacriqb fontes, et retinent adhuc<lb/> (Sic Musa jussit) saxa
						molles <lb/> Docta modos, veteresque lauri. <lb/> Mirare nec tu me citharæ rudem <lb/> Claudis laborantem numeris: loca <lb/>
						Amœna, jucundumque ver incompositum <lb/> docuere carmen; <lb/> Hærent sub omni nam folio nigri <lb/> Phœbea luci (credite)
							somnia,<lb/> Argutiusque &amp; lympha &amp; auræ <lb/> Nescio quid solito loquuntur. </p>
         </q>
         <p>I am to-day just returned from Alba, a good deal fatigued; for you know the Appian is somewhat
					tiresome. We dined at Pompey's; he indeed was gone for a few days to his Tusculan, but, by the care of
					his Villicus, we made an admirable meal. We had the dugs of a pregnant sow, a peacock, a dish of thrushes, a noble scarus just fresh
					from the Tyrrhene, and some conchylia of the Lake with garum sauce: For my part I never eat better at Lucullus's table. We drank half a
					dozen cyathi a-piece of ancient Alban to Pholoë's health; and, after bathing, and playing an hour at
					ball, we mounted our essedum again, and proceeded up the mount to the temple. The priests there entertained us with an account of a
					wonderful shower of birds eggs, that had fallen two days before, which had no sooner touched the ground, but they were converted into
					gudgeons; as also that the night past a dreadful voice had been heard out of the Adytum, which spoke Greek during a full half hour, but
					no body understood it. But quitting my Romanities, to your great joy and mine, let me tell you, in plain English, that we come from
					Albano. The present town lies within the inclosure of Pompey's Villa in ruins. The Appian way runs through it, by the side of which, a
					little farther, is a large old tomb, with five pyramids upon it, which the learned suppose to be the burying-place of the family,
					because they do not know whose it can be else. But the vulgar assure you it is the sepulchre of the Curiatii, and by that name (such is
					their power) it goes. One drives to Castel Gondolfo, a house of the Pope's, situated on the top of one of the Collinette, that forms a
					brim to the bason, commonly called the Alban lake. It is seven miles round; and directly opposite to you, on the other side, rises the
					Mons Albanus, much taller than the rest, along whose side are still discoverable (not to common eyes) certain little ruins of the old
					Alba longa. They had need be very little, as having been nothing but ruins ever since the days of Tullus Hostilius. On its top is a
					house of the Constable Colona's, where stood the temple of Jupiter Latialis. At the foot of the hill Gondolfo, are the famous outlets
					of the lake, built with hewn stone, a mile and a half under ground. Livy, you know, amply informs us of the foolish occasion of this
						expence, and gives me this opportunity of displaying all my erudition, that I may appear considerable
					in your eyes. This is the prospect from one window of the palace. From another you have the whole Campagna, the City, Antium, and the
					Tyrrhene sea (twelve miles distant) so distinguishable, that you may see the vessels sailing upon it. All this is charming. Mr. Walpole
					says, our memory sees more than our eyes in this country. Which is extremely true; since, for realities, Windsor, or Richmond Hill, is
					infinitely preferable to Albano or Frescati. I am now at home, and going to the window to tell you it is the most beautiful of Italian
					nights, which, in truth, are but just begun (so backward has the spring been here, and every where else, they say.) There is a moon!
					there are stars for you! Do not you hear the fountain? Do not you smell the orange flowers? That building yonder is the Convent of S.
					Isidore; and that eminence, with the cypress trees and pines upon it, the top of M. Quirinal. This is all true, and yet my prospect is
					not two hundred yards in length. We send you some Roman inscriptions to entertain you. The first two are modern, transcribed from the
					Vatican library by Mr. Walpole. </p>
         <q>
            <p>Pontifices olim quem fundavere priores, <lb/> Præcipuâ Sixtus perficit arte tholum;<lb/> Et Sixti
						tantum se gloria tollit in altum, <lb/> Quantum se Sixti nobile tollit opus: <lb/> Magnus honos magni fundamina ponere templi,
						<lb/> Sed finem cæptis ponere major honos.</p>
            <p>Saxa agit Amphion, Thebana ut mœnia condat: <lb/> Sixtus &amp; immensæ pondera molis agit.<lb/>
						Saxa trahunt ambo longè diversa: sed arte <lb/> Hæc trahit Amphion; Sixtus &amp; arte trahit. <lb/> At tantum exsuperat Dircæum
						Amphiona Sixtus, <lb/> Quantum hic exsuperat cætera saxa lapis. </p>
         </q>
         <p>Mine is ancient, and I think not less curious. It is exactly transcribed from a sepulchral marble at the villa Giustiniani. I put
					stops to it, when I understand it. </p>
         <q>
            <p>DIS Manibus <lb/> Claudiæ, Pistes <lb/> Primus Conjugi <lb/> Optumae, Sanctae, <lb/> Et Piae, Benemeritate.<lb/> Non æquos,
						Parcae, statuistis stamina vitæ. <lb/> Tam bene compositos potuistis sede tenere. <lb/> Amissa est conjux. cur ego &amp; ipse moror?
						<lb/> Si bella esse mî iste mea vivere debuit • <lb/> Tristia contigerunt qui amissâ conjuge vivo. <lb/> Nil est tam
						miserum, quam totam perdere vitam. <lb/> Nec vita enasci dura peregistis crudelia pensa, sorores, <lb/> Ruptaque deficiunt in primo
						munere fusi. <lb/> O nimis injustæ ter denos dare munus in annos, <lb/> Deceptus grautus fatum sic pressit egestas
						<lb/> Dum vitam tulero, Primus Pistes lugea conjugium.</p>
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